Have you ever felt a drastic change in mood before menstruation? Mood swings, irritability, and even depression can be signs of PMDD (Premenstrual Dysphoric Disorder). Symptoms at a glance PMDD is similar to PMS (Premenstrual Syndrome), but the symptoms are much more severe and interfere with daily activities.

The exact cause of PMDD is still unknown, but it is thought to be related to the body's abnormal reaction to hormonal changes during menstruation. But don't worry, here are easy tips for dealing with PMDD.

Causes of Women Experiencing PMDD

The cause is certainPremenstrual Dysphoric Disorder (PMDD) still a mystery to experts. However, it is strongly suspected that hormonal fluctuations of estrogen and progesterone Before menstruation plays an important role in its appearance.

Changes in hormone levels can affect serotonin, a chemical in the brain that regulates mood. Low serotonin levels can make women more sensitive, thereby increasing the risk of PMDD.

Although the cause is not yet known with certainty, several factors can increase a woman's risk of developing PMDD, including:

• Family history with PMDD
• Emotional or physical trauma
• History of depression or mood disorders
• Excess weight
• Excessive alcohol consumption
• Smoking

Understanding these risk factors can help women be more aware of PMDD and seek appropriate treatment.

Tips for Overcoming Disturbing Symptoms of PMDD

PMDD or premenstrual disorders, is a more serious condition than PMS.The symptoms are more extreme and can interfere with a woman's daily activities. Here are some tips for dealing with PMDD:

1. Taking Antidepressants

SSRI antidepressant drugs such as fluoxetine (Prozac, Sarafem) and sertraline (Zoloft) have proven effective in reducing emotional symptoms, fatigue, food cravings, and sleep problems in women with PMDD. This medication can be taken throughout the month or only in the period between ovulation and the start of menstruation.

2. Birth Control Pills

Using birth control pills without interruption or with shorter intervals can help relieve PMS and PMDD symptoms for some women. Consult a doctor to find the right birth control pill.

3. Nutritional Supplements

Some studies show that taking additional calcium (1,200 mg per day), vitamin B-6, magnesium, and L-tryptophan may help relieve PMS and PMDD symptoms. Consult a doctor before taking any supplements to ensure safety and effectiveness.

4. Herbal Treatment

Chasteberry (Vitex agnus-castus) is an herbal supplement that shows potential in reducing irritability, mood swings, breast tenderness, and other symptoms associated with PMDD. However, further research is still needed to confirm its effectiveness.

5. Changes in Diet and Lifestyle

Regular exercise, reducing caffeine and alcohol consumption, and quitting smoking can help relieve PMS and PMDD symptoms. Getting enough sleep, relaxation techniques (such as meditation and yoga), and avoiding emotional stressors can also help improve quality of life during the premenstrual period.

Pain during menstruation is common. However, if the pain gets worse and interferes with daily activities,immediately consult a doctor. It could be that the pain is a sign of a more serious medical condition. The doctor will help diagnose the cause of the pain and recommend appropriate treatment. The sooner you consult, the greater your chances of resolving your problems and preventing complications. 

References:

https://www.alodokter.com/premenstrual-dysphoric-disorder

https://www.halodoc.com/artikel/pengelolaan-stres-yang-baik-bisa-membantu-mengatasi-pmdd

https://hellosehat.com/wanita/menstruasi/premenstrual-dysphoric-disorder-pmdd/