Have you ever experienced irregular menstrual cycles and a small amount of menstrual blood? Maybe this is a sign of a disturbance in your menstrual cycle that you may not be aware of. Oligomenorrhoea is often experienced by women and in some cases can indicate a serious health problem. Let's get to know the symptoms, causes and how to treat oligomenorrhea in the following article.
Causes of Oligomenorrhea
Oligomenorrhea can be caused by various conditions or diseases, such as:
- Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS)
- Excess thyroid hormone (hyperthyroidism)
- Benign tumor of the pituitary gland (prolactinoma)
- Pelvic inflammation
- Uterine adhesions (Asherman's syndrome)
- Eating disorders such as bulimia, anorexia nervosa, and binge eating disorder
- Congenital adrenal hyperplasia
- Genetic disorders such as impaired ovarian function (primary ovarian syndrome).
Apart from these causes, there are other factors that are thought to increase a woman's risk of experiencing oligomenorrhea. These factors include:
- Suffering from type 1 diabetes
- Have a tumor on the ovaries or adrenal glands
- Using hormonal contraception such as birth control pills or injections
- Taking certain medications such as antipsychotics or antiepileptics, and doing heavy physical activity.
Symptoms of Oligomenorrhea
Oligomenorrhea can be recognized through some of the following signs and symptoms:
- Late and delayed menstruation
- Decreased menstrual blood volume
- Symptoms appearing at the time of fertile age
- Appearance of acne
- Headache
- Pain in the stomach
- Visual impairment
- Vaginal discharge
- Excessive hair growth on the face and body
How to Treat Oligomenorrhea
Treatment for oligomenorrhea problems will be adjusted to the root cause. Some steps that can be taken involve:
1. Lifestyle Adjustments
Oligomenorrhea can be triggered by a low basal metabolic index and high levels of stress. Solutions involve dietary changes, lifestyle adjustments, and efforts to reduce stress levels. If the condition is affected by being overweight or underweight, treatment will be adjusted accordingly.
2. Hormone Therapy
The use of hormone therapy, such as contraceptive pills, can be used to treat oligomenorrhea. Birth control pills are often used to safely reset the menstrual cycle, especially for patients who do not wish to become pregnant.
3. Treatment of Medical Conditions Causing Oligomenorrhea
The underlying disease of oligomenorrhea needs to be treated to cure the condition. For example, if oligomenorrhea is caused by hyperthyroidism, use of antithyroid drugs may be necessary after a thorough examination by a doctor.
4. Surgical Management
If a tumor is found in the adnexa or adrenal glands, surgery may be an option to treat oligomenorrhea. This procedure aims to prevent the spread of the tumor and restore the menstrual cycle to normal.
Oligomenorrhea may not be considered a serious problem, but it is important to know the cause so as not to cause further problems. If you experience oligomenorrhea, it is recommended to immediately consult a doctor to get the right treatment.
References:
https://www.halodoc.com/artikel/seputar-oligomenorea-gangguan-menstruasi-pada-masa-subur
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